International Conference on Nuclear Chemistry December 8-9 , 2016 San Antonio, Texas, USA

Marisé García Batlle has completed her graduation in Radiochemistry at the Higher Institute of Nuclear Technologies and Applied Sciences in Havana in 2014. She has worked in laboratories of preclinical studies in the clinical research center in Havana and as Assistant Professor at the Institute of Nuclear Technologies and Applied Sciences. She has worked in radio-pharmacy in search of new radio-labeled compounds for treatment of bone diseases. In 2016, she was admitted to the Master\'s degree in Chemical Science in the National University of Mexico, and works in the areas of radioactive contamination under advice of Dr. Navarrete.

All human activity, biomass metabolism and natural event that occur on the surface or inside of the earth occur with emissions of gases, particulate matter, aerosols and others. These are dispersed into the atmosphere, and integrated into the biogeochemical cycles that develop on Earth and can be considered contaminants when they result in risk or damage to persons or property under certain circumstances. During a time period little longer than 60 years , it has been created a radioactive pollution background over the natural one , which started in 1945 and it has been growing up since then, due to several nuclear test, minor nuclear reactors failure and accidents . At present time radioactive contamination is a fact easily proved by radioactive detection from marine sediments, chosen samples in view of the much larger proportion of sea surface on the planet. This short of samples contains appreciable concentration of minerals with natural radioactive isotopes such as 40K. Therefore, the only way to assess the magnitude of radioactive contamination is by comparing it with forever present natural radioactivity. So in this work, radioactivity from fission product 137Cs is compared with that of natural radioisotope 40K as percentage, both found in marine sediments of the Cuban coasts.

N Ouerfelli has a PhD and Habilitation Diploma in Chemistry. He is the Head of Research Project in the Laboratory of Biophysics and Medical Technologies. He has published more than 45 papers in reputed journals on modeling of physicochemical properties in solution.

Ionic self-diffusion coefficients D of the lanthanide trivalent trace ion 153Gd (III) have been determined in supporting aqueous solutions of Gd(NO3)3-HNO3 over a large range of concentration in acidic medium (pH=2.50) at 25°C by the open-end capillary method (O.E.C.M.). The method measures the transportation time of ion across a fixed distance. We optimized the pH in order to avoid the hydrolysis, pairing and complexing trivalent 4f ions. The diffusion data obtained in large range of concentration as well as the physicochemical properties, allow to derive the following information: (i) the limiting value D° at zero ionic strength, as 5.985 10-6 cm2•s-1 for 153Gd (III), (ii) the validity of the Onsager limiting law, (iii) the ionic self-diffusion coefficient as a function of the ionic strength for asymmetrical 3:1 electrolytes in dilute solutions, (iv) a competition between ion-ion interaction and ion-solvent interaction and (v) a more extended law available for an intermediate range of concentration up to 0.114 mol•L-1 and for a concentrated range up to 1.5 mol•L-1. This study contributes to demonstrate similarities transport and structure properties between 153Gd (III) and 244Cm (III) trivalent ions explained by a similar electronic configuration, ionic radius and same hydration number. These properties could also result from a long-range structuration of the concentrated ionic solution.

Doaa Hassan Taha Shabaan has completed his PhD and Post-doctoral studies from Ain Shams University, Women\'s College of Arts and Science & Education. She is a Lecturer in Ain Shams University. She has published more than 6 papers in reputed journals and is interested to attend international scientific conferences. She is Reviewer in international journals like Journal of Nuclear Science and Technology and African Journal of Environmental Science and Technology. She is also currently working as an Assistant Professor at the University of Jazan, KSA.

Radon is basically generated in a natural way by 226Ra, which is in the 238U decay chain. Even though 222Rn has a half-life of 3.8 d, such a noble gas is chemically stable. Inhalation of radon and its decay products is responsible of about half of the annual average effective dose received by the human due to natural sources of radiation; so we interested to study concentration of radon by different method physically and chemically in some types such as soil, laboratory waste sample, water, salt and natural textile fabrics using solid state nuclear track detectors (SSNTDs) referred to as (CR-39) in the literature, TASTRAK type, (Track Analysis System, Ltd., UK) was used. These were measured using ‘‘Sealed Can technique” and most scrutinized literature were collected from different sources including PubMed. This database has been curetted using published methods; all results led us to pay attention about the effect and impact of exposure of radon on the environment. Also, the results revealed that all of the parameters were in normal range and agree with United States Environmental Protection Agency. We were also interested to measure indoor radon concentrations in dwellings supplied with natural gas compared with those not supplied with it; conclusively, the data indicate that natural gas may represent a potential source of indoor radon. It has been published in magazines global distinct, and this work is included for working on MSc and PhD studies. Presently, it has several methods and it will be updated regularly.

Manisha is a graduate student at Department of Physics, Panjab University, Chandigarh since July, 2014. She received her MSc (Hons. School) in Physics from Panjab University. Her thrust area of research is Experimental High Energy Physics (EHEP). She actively participated in implementation of glass based Resistive Plate Chambers (RPCs), which are used in various EHEP experiments for diverse applications. She is currently focusing on soft QCD studies via underlying event measurements using CMS detector. She will participate in development of Gas Electron Multiplier (GEM) detectors also, planned to install in the first endcap muon station during CMS Phase 2 upgrade.

The Resistive Plate Chamber (RPC) is an ionization (created due to the passage of charged particles) based gaseous detector made up of two highly resistive electrode plates like glass. The high bulk resistivity of glass helps in limiting the discharge to a limited area in the vicinity of primary avalanche site. RPCs are developed in 1981 by R Santonico and R Cardarelli. RPC detector has diverse applications in various fields requiring imaging, scanning and including particles detection due to excellent time and spatial resolutions, simplicity in fabrication & operation etc. In STAR experiment at RHIC and ALICE at LHC, RPCs are a part of time of flight (TOF) system. In Belle experiment, RPCs are used for muon identification and in CMS, ATLAS at LHC are used for triggering purpose. RPCs are also proposed to use in some future experiments like INO etc. In an RPC like detector, quality of electrode material plays a leading role in achieving consistent & good detector performance. In present studies, bulk resistivity measurements, elemental analysis studies are done for the selected electrodes (used for the RPC fabrication). The RPCs of dimensions 1 m X 1 m are developed using locally available Asahi glass plates as electrodes. Performance study of the fabricated RPCs i.e. leakage current measurements, efficiency and noise rate measurements is done with cosmic ray muons using standard gaseous mixtures.

Somayye Seyfi has her expertise in Physics and Experimental Nuclear Engineering. During her academic career for obtaining Master of Science degree, she worked in close association with AEOI to look for alternative methods for power evaluations in nuclear reactors. Based on delayed neutron emission from N-17, several experiments were conducted in TRR which finally resulted to a new approach for out-of-core power measurements suitable in all reactors having oxygen as a constituent in moderator.

Tehran research reactor (TRR) is a representative of pool type research reactors using light water, as coolant and moderator. This reactor is chosen as a prototype to demonstrate and prove the feasibility of 17N detection as a new redundant channel for reactor power measurement. In TRR, similar to other pool type reactors, neutron detectors are immersed in the pool around the core as the main power measuring devices. In the present article, a different approach, using out of water neutron detector, is employed to measure reactor power. This new method is based on 17O (n,p) 17N reaction taking place inside the core and subsequent measurement of delayed neutrons emitted due to 17N disintegration. Count and measurement of neutrons around outlet water pipe provides a reliable redundant safety channel to measure reactor power. Results compared with other established channels indicate a good agreement and shows a linear interdependency with true thermal power. Safety of reactor operation is improved with installation & use of this new power measuring channel. The new approach may equally serve well as a redundant channel in all other types of reactors having coolant comprised of oxygen in its molecular constituents. Contrary to existing channels, this one is totally out of water and thus is an advantage over current instrumentations. It is proposed to employ the same idea on other reactors (nuclear power plants too) to improve safety criteria.

Emir A. Tairov has completed his Candidate (PhD) Thesis in 1979 in Moscow Power Engineering Institute (MPEI) and his Doctoral Thesis in 2000 in Melentiev Energy System Institute (MESI) SB RAS. He is a leading researcher in the Department of Thermal Power Systems of MESI. He has published more than 80 papers in reputed journals.

Two-phase gas-liquid flows are widely used for heat removing from any kind of heat exchanger surfaces, including apparatus with immovable layer of solid particles. In this kind of flow, the mass velocity, G, is limited by the critical flow phenomenon. There are many publications about critical flow in short and long a pipe, washers, and nozzles, but for the gas-liquid flow through the solid particles layers the study is lacking. The purpose of this study is to develop a method to predict critical mass velocity, Gc, for such flow. The vapour-water flow through the H=50-355 mm thick layer of solid spherical particles with diameter, d, of 2, 3 and 4 mm was studied experimentally. The inlet flow quality ranged from x1=0.011 to 0.178, and the inlet pressure, P1, was adjusted at the levels of 0.3, 0.6, 0.9 and 1.2 MPa. The outlet pressure was gradually decreased and the mass flux was estimated by measured the time needed to fill the control volume, until the critical velocity is obtained. We used the theoretical model of nonlinear filtration of two-phase flow with different velocities of gas and liquid phase.The polytropic index, void fraction and slip ratio were estimated by iteratively adjusting theoretical and experimental mass velocity. The developed method gives polytropic approximation for isenthalpic process of the flow expansion with phase-transition, and provides 5% accurate prediction of the critical mass velocity.